Iron and steel · CBAM

CBAM default values for CN 7318

Screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws, screw hooks, rivets, cotters, cotter pins, washers, incl. spring washers, and similar articles, of iron or steel

Example: for 73181100 made in India, the default value is 4.27 tCO2e per tonne, 5.124 with the 2027 mark-up, or about €421.81 per tonne at the latest certificate price, before deductions.

CN codes under 7318

CN code	Description
`7318`	Screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws, screw hooks, rivets, cotters, cotter pins, washers, incl. spring washers, and similar articles, of iron or steel (excl. lag screws, stoppers, plugs and the like, threaded)
`73181100`	Coach screws of iron or steel
`73181210`	Wood screws of stainless steel (excl. coach screws)
`73181290`	Wood screws of iron or steel other than stainless (excl. coach screws)
`73181300`	Screw hooks and screw rings, of iron or steel
`73181410`	Self-tapping screws, of stainless steel (excl. wood screws)
`73181491`	Spaced-thread screws of iron or steel other than stainless
`73181499`	Self-tapping screws of iron or steel other than stainless (excl. spaced-thread screws and wood screws)
`731815`	Threaded screws and bolts, of iron or steel, whether or not with their nuts and washers (excl. coach screws and other wood screws, screw hooks and screw rings, self-tapping screws, lag screws, stoppers, plugs and the like, threaded)
`731816`	Nuts of iron or steel
`73181900`	Threaded articles, of iron or steel, n.e.s.
`73182100`	Spring washers and other lock washers, of iron or steel
`73182200`	Washers of iron or steel (excl. spring washers and other lock washers)
`73182300`	Rivets of iron or steel (excl. tubular and bifurcated rivets for particular uses)
`73182400`	Cotters and cotter pins, of iron or steel
`73182900`	Non-threaded articles, of iron or steel

Default values by country

Total embedded emissions in tCO2e per tonne of good, shown as a range across the CN codes above. The mark-up for this sector is 10 % in 2026, 20 % in 2027, 30 % in 2028 and later. A * means at least one code uses the "Other countries and territories" value, as the regulation requires when a country has no value of its own.

Country	Default value	2026 with mark-up	2027 with mark-up	2028+ with mark-up
Albania *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Algeria	3–3.3	3.3–3.63	3.6–3.96	3.9–4.29
Angola *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Argentina	2.47–3.23	2.717–3.553	2.964–3.876	3.211–4.199
Armenia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Australia	2.92–3.52	3.212–3.872	3.504–4.224	3.796–4.576
Azerbaijan	0.14–2.57	0.154–2.827	0.168–3.084	0.182–3.341
Bahrain *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Bangladesh *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Belarus *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Benin *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Bolivia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.34–3.17	2.574–3.487	2.808–3.804	3.042–4.121
Brazil	1.61–3.11	1.771–3.421	1.932–3.732	2.093–4.043
Brunei *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Cambodia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Cameroon *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Canada	1.33–3.05	1.463–3.355	1.596–3.66	1.729–3.965
Chile	2.05–2.95	2.255–3.245	2.46–3.54	2.665–3.835
China	2.738–7.005	3.012–7.706	3.286–8.406	3.559–9.107
Colombia	2.11–3.08	2.321–3.388	2.532–3.696	2.743–4.004
Congo *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Congo, Democratic Republic of *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Costa Rica *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Cuba *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Curaçao *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Dominican Republic *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Ecuador *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Egypt *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
El Salvador *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Equatorial Guinea *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Eritrea *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Eswatini *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Ethiopia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Gabon *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Georgia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Ghana *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Guatemala *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Haiti *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Honduras *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Hong Kong *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
India	4.27–5.77	4.697–6.347	5.124–6.924	5.551–7.501
Indonesia	8.23–8.65	9.053–9.515	9.876–10.38	10.699–11.245
Iran, Islamic Republic of	1.94–3.2	2.134–3.52	2.328–3.84	2.522–4.16
Iraq *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Israel *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Ivory Coast *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Jamaica *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Japan	2.1–3.3	2.31–3.63	2.52–3.96	2.73–4.29
Jordan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Kazakhstan	4.61–5.18	5.071–5.698	5.532–6.216	5.993–6.734
Kenya *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Korea, Republic of (South Korea)	2.124–4.104	2.336–4.514	2.549–4.925	2.761–5.335
Kuwait *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Kyrgyzstan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Laos *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Lebanon *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Liberia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Libya *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Madagascar *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Malaysia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mali *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mauritania *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mauritius *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mexico	2.74–3.18	3.014–3.498	3.288–3.816	3.562–4.134
Moldova, Republic of *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mongolia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Montenegro *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Morocco *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Mozambique *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Myanmar	0.47–3.13	0.517–3.443	0.564–3.756	0.611–4.069
Namibia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Nepal *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
New Caledonia and dependencies *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
New Zealand	2.41–3.36	2.651–3.696	2.892–4.032	3.133–4.368
Nicaragua *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Niger *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Nigeria *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
North Macedonia	1.53–2.91	1.683–3.201	1.836–3.492	1.989–3.783
Oman *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Pakistan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Panama *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Papua New Guinea *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Paraguay *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Peru *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Philippines	0.74–2.92	0.814–3.212	0.888–3.504	0.962–3.796
Qatar *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Russian Federation	3.18–3.21	3.498–3.531	3.816–3.852	4.134–4.173
Rwanda *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Saudi Arabia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Senegal *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Serbia	2.41–2.59	2.651–2.849	2.892–3.108	3.133–3.367
Sierra Leone *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Singapore *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
South Africa	3.62–4.03	3.982–4.433	4.344–4.836	4.706–5.239
Sri Lanka *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Sudan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Suriname *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Syria *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Taiwan	2.707	2.978	3.248	3.519
Tajikistan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Tanzania, United Republic of *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Thailand	2.408–4.689	2.649–5.158	2.89–5.627	3.13–6.096
Togo *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Trinidad and Tobago *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Tunisia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Türkiye	2.832–5.69	3.115–6.259	3.398–6.828	3.682–7.397
Turkmenistan *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Uganda *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Ukraine	2.423–3.563	2.665–3.919	2.908–4.276	3.15–4.632
United Arab Emirates *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
United Kingdom	2.31–3.11	2.541–3.421	2.772–3.732	3.003–4.043
United States	1.39–3.17	1.529–3.487	1.668–3.804	1.807–4.121
Uruguay *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Uzbekistan	3.12–3.21	3.432–3.531	3.744–3.852	4.056–4.173
Venezuela *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Viet Nam	2.35–3.09	2.585–3.399	2.82–3.708	3.055–4.017
Yemen *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Zambia *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Zimbabwe *	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655
Other countries and territories	3.962–5.119	4.358–5.631	4.754–6.143	5.151–6.655

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CN code Country of production Year

Source: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2621, Annexes I and IV as replaced by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1740, published in the Official Journal on 31 July 2026 and applying from 1 January 2026 (official text). Certificate prices: European Commission. The mark-up figures are our arithmetic on the official totals; the binding figure is calculated in the EU's CBAM Registry. This is information, not legal or tax advice.